Voice- Active & passive voice
ACTIVE & PASSIVE
Active:- A sentence is said to be in active, where subjects does any work & it depends upon tense. Ex:- He eats food.
Passive– A sentence which not depend upon tense. where work is done by any agent/doer is called passive.
Ex:-Bread is eaten by you.
Agent/doer
Passive पहचानने का तरीका।
- यह object से start हाेता है
- इसमें v3 पाया जाता है।
- V3 के बाद by लगता है।
- इसका structure tense के
structure से tally नही करता है।
-
Rules for Passive
What are the rules of active and passive voice
1.The object of active should be the subject of passive.
2.The subject of active should be the object of passive
3.Generally, we use “V3” in passive.4
.After “v3” we use “By”
- 5. Follow the structure of passive.
Present indefinite
Id:- V+ता है/ती है/ते है।
Active:-S+v1/v5+O
Passive:-0+Is/am/are+v3+sub
Active:- A
Passive:- P
Ex:- वह मुझे बुलाता है।
Active:- He call me
P:- I am called by him.
Ng-I am not played by him.
A:-They play cricket
P:-Cricket is played by them.
Present continuous Tense
Id:- रहा है/ रही है/रहे है।
A:-S+is/am/are+v4+0bj
P:-O+is/am/are+being+v3+
+by+Sub
Ex:-He is teaching me -A
I am being taught by him-P
Present Perfect Tense
Id:-V+चुका है/चुकी है/चुके है।
यी है/या है/ये है
Str:-S+has/have+v3+obj-A
O+has/have+been+v3+by
+Sub-P
Ex:-तुमने यह काम किया है।-A
You have done it.-A
It has been done by you-P
Ex:-She has cooked food.-A
Food has been cooked by
her.-P
Present perfect continuous Tense
Id:-रहा है/रही है।रहे है।with time
Note:-इस tense का passive नही होता है।यह old है।
Past indefinite tense
Id:-V+या/ये/यी/ता था/ती थी/ते थे
V+आकार
Str:-S+v2+obj – Active
O+was/were+v3+by+S – P
Ex:- He called me. active
-I was called by him. passive
Ng-O+was/were+not+v3+by
+Sub-passive
Ng:-I was not called by him.
Past continuous tense
Id:-V+रहा था/रही थी/रहे थे।
Str:-S+was/were+v4+obj-A
O+was/were+being+v3+by
+sub-Passive
Ex:-He was telling a story.-A
A story was being told by me.(Passive)
Past perfect tense
Id:- V+चुका था/चुकी थी/चुके थे।
V+या था/यी थी/ये थे।
Str:-S+had+v3+obj-Active
O+had+been+v3+by+Sub-P
Ex:-She had in invited us-A
We had been invited by her.
(Passive)
Past perfect continuous
Note:-इस tense का passive
नही होता है।
Future Indefinite tense
Id:-V+गा/ गे/ गी
Str:-S+shall/will+v1+obj- A
O+shall/will+be+v3+by+S-P
Ex:-He will start a business.
(Active)
A business will be started
by him. (Passive)
Future Continuous Tense
Id:-V+ता रहेगा/ती रहेगी/ते रहेगें।
V+रहा हाेगा/रही हाेगी/रहे हा्गे।
Str:-S+shall/will+be+v4+O-A
O+shall/will+be+being+v3
+by+sub-Passive
Note:-इस tense का passive नही हाेता है।
Future Perfect
Id:-V+या हाेगा/यी हाेगी/ये हाेगें।
चुका हाेगां/चुकी हाेगीं/चुके हाेगें।
Str:-S+shall/will+have+v3+0
(Active)
Obj+shall/will+have+been+
V3+by+sub (passive)
Ex:-He will have taken tea.
(Active)
Tea will have been taken by him. (Passive)
Future perfect continuous
Note:-इस tense का passive नही होता है यह structure है।
(Exception of Passive)
(Imperative sentence)
Def:-A sentence which has
order/ request/ Advice is called imperative sentence.
Note:-
- Imperative sentence start with “main verb”
इसमें subject छिपा हाेता है।
Passive बनाने के नियम।
(1). If there is an order on imperative sentences we should follow these structures.
(You are ordered to…..)
(Let+obj+be+v3)
Ex:-यह काम करते – Do it.
(Active)
:-You are ordered to do it.
:-Let it be done.
(Passive)
Ex:-Bring a chair- Active
:-you are ordered to bring a chair.
:-Let a chair be brought.
(2).If there is Request,Please
Kindly we should follow
this structure.
(You are requested to…..)
Note:-Please/kindly को हटा देते है।
Ex:-Please come here.Active
You are requested to come here.-Passive
Ex:-Kindly shut the door.
(Active)
You are requested to shut the door.- (Passive )
(3)If there is advice (सलाह)
we should follow this structure.
(You are advised to……..)
(Obj+should+be+v3)
Ex:-Help the poor.- Active
You are advised to help the
poor .
The poor should be helped.
(4)Sentence with Don’t (मत)
Don’t +V+obj – Active
Let+0+not+be+v3 – Passive
(You are asked not+0+…)-A
(You are prohibited to+..)-P
(You are forbidden to+…)-P
Note:- Don’t is removed
Ex:-Don’t take tea. – active
Ex:- Let tea not be taken.
:-You are asked not to take
tea.
:-you are prohibited to take
tea.
:-you are forbidden to take tea.
(5)If myself/Yourself/himself/
Ourself/themself comes
as an object there is no
passive of this sentence.
:-क्युकि ये Reflexive object या
Reflexive pronoun है। अाैर
इसका passive नही हाेता है।
Ex:-He killed himself.-A
Himself was killed by him.×
(No passive)
Thanks